UNIT V
THE INFORMATION AGE
■ STANDARD COMPETENCE
Understand about The Information age and the function of Derivational in sentences properly.
■ BASIC COMPETENCE
- Understand the information age and its influences.
- Understand how to use derivational properly in sentences, paragraphs, composition in writing (passive English) and oral (Active English) properly.
- Understand more about how to express opinions
■ INDICATOR
After teaching and learning process students are expected to be:
- Able to explain about The Information Age and the function of derivational in sentences.
- Able to use derivational properly in sentences, paragraph, composition (passive English) and oral (active English).
- Able to communicate and express their opinion well.
A. READING
THE INFORMATION AGE
Many terms have been used to describe the process of using computers to improve the productivity and general environment of the office, but office automation is the one that is perhaps most widely accepted. In general, office automation refers to the use of computer, communication, and office equipment technologies to support the many activities that occur in the business environment.
The information explosion that has occurred during the last two decades has resulted in a shift of economic emphasis from heavy industry to information processing. Computers have been an essential element in this shift. They are necessary to handle the vast quantities of data. They increase worker productivity, and they help workers cope with the increasing rate of change and instability in modern world. Furthermore, computers have the potential for allowing office personnel greater freedom in terms of when and how they do their jobs.
The offices of various kinds of organizations differ greatly, and many modern offices are undergoing drastic change. In fact, with the introduction of data communications, workers can be widely dispersed. However, in general, office workers perform the functions of generating, gathering, filing, retrieving, analyzing, and communicating information.
Computer are used in the field of health care for various purposes. Maintaning accounts and other administrative duties are performed by the computer. In addition, patient care functions are often computer controlled. Computers monitor, or watch a patient’s vital signs, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature. This allows for better quality health care because doctors and nurses have the opportunity to devote more time to individual patients. Up-to-date medical information and personal patient histories can be obtained immediately. Therefore, computers also aid medical personnel by helping them make intelligent decisions in life-threatening situations.
Exercises
I. Answer these questions below:
1. Why do we use computer in our life?
2. Are there any relationships between health and computer? Explain your answer and give sample the function of computer in health!
3. Do medical records need computer 100% in their job? Why? Explain!
4. Technology not only gives advantages but it also gives disadvantages, mention the advantages and disadvantages of computer for health and medical records!
B. GRAMMAR
DERIVATIONAL
Not all affixes have the same function when attached to the root or base. When the affixes changes of root or base are called Derivational Affixes.
NOUN-FORMING SUFFIXES (AKHIRAN KATA BENDA)
| VERB | NOUN | ||
| | | ||
| | -er; -or; -ar; -ist; -ant; -ent | | |
| I Write (menulis) Serve (melayani) Type (mengetik) Roll (menggulung) Speak (berbicara) Beg (meminta) Act (berlaku) Indicate (menunjukan) | I am a Writer (penulis) Servant (pelayan) Typist (pengetik) Roller (alat penggulung) Speaker (pengeras suara) Beggar (pengemis) Actor (pelaku) Indicator (alat penunjuk) | ||
| | -ment | | |
| Govern (memerintah) Announce (mengumumkan) Measure (mengukur) Agree (menyetujui) Treat (memperlakukan) Manage (mengelola) | Government (pemerintah) Announcement (pengumuman) Measurement (pengukuran) Agreement (persetujuan) Treatment (perlakuan) Management (pengelolaan) | ||
| | -al | | |
| Arrive (datang) Bury (mengubur) Refuse (menolak) Try (mencoba) Propose (mengusulkan) | Arrival (kedatangan) Burial (penguburan) Refusal (penolakan) Trial (percobaan) Proposal (usulan) | ||
| | -ion; -tion | | |
| Devide (membagi) Discuss (menbahas) Introduce (memperkenalkan) Act (berbuat) Ditribue (membagikan) Rabel (memberontak) Inform (menerangkan) Suggest (memyarankan) Connect (menghubungkan) Adopt (mengangkat) | Devision (pembagian) Discussion (pembahasan) Introduction (perkenalan) Action (perbuatan) Distribution (pembagian) Rabellion (pemberontakan) Information (penerangan) Suggestion (saran) Connection (hubungan) Adoption (pengangkatan) | ||
| | -ure; -ture; -ature | | |
| Enclose (melampirkan) Fail (menggagalkan) Mix (mencampur) Please(menyenangkan) Press (menekan) Sign (menandai) | Enclosure (lampiran) Failure (kegagalan) Mixture (campuran) Pleasure (perasaan senang) Pressure (tekanan) Signature (tanda tangan) | ||
| | -y; -ery; -ary; | | |
| Deliver (menyampaikan) Injure (melukai) Rob (merampok) Bribe (menyuap) Recover (menyembuhkan) | Delivery (penyampaian) Injurey (luka) Robbery (perampokan) Bribery (penyuapan) Recovery (kesembuhan) | ||
| | -age | | |
| Marry (menikahi) Pass (memberatkan) Carry (membawa) Pack (membungkus) | Marriage (pernikahan) Passage (lorong) Carriage (alat pengankat) Package (bungkusan) | ||
| | -t | | |
| Fly (menerbangkan) Weigh (memberatkan) Complain (mengeluh) Contain (berisi) Produce (menghasilkan) Join (mengabungkan) | Flight (penerbangan) Weight (berat) Complaint (keluhan) Content (isi) Product (hasil) Joint (gabungan) | ||
| | -ance; -ence; | | |
| Appear (muncul) Attend (menghadiri) Differ (membedakan) Obey (mematuhi) Confide (mempercayai) Absent (tidak hadir) Important (penting) Patient (sabar) Present (hadir) | Appearance (permunculan) Attendance (kehadiran) Difference (perbedaan) Obedience (kepercayaan) Absence (ketidakhadiran) Importance (kepentingan) Patience (kesabaran) Presence (kehadiran) | ||
| | -ing | | |
| Begin (memulai) Save (menabung) Build (membangun) Greet (menyalami) Cross (menyeberang) | Beginning (permulaan) Saving (tabungan) Building (bangunan) Greeting (salam) Crossing (persilangan) | ||
| | Contrasting in ending:/z/ /s/; /d/ /s/ /z/; /v/ /f/ | | |
| Advise /z/ (menasehati) Use /z/ (menggunakan) Applaud (bersorak) Succeed (berhasil) Believe (mempercayai) Relieve (melegakan) | Advise /s/ (nasehat) Use /s/ (penggunaan) Applause (sorakan) Success (keberhasilan) Belief (kepercayaan) Relief (kelgaan) | ||
| ADJECTIVE | NOUN | ||
| | | ||
| | -ness | | |
| Bitter (pahit) Happy (bahagia) Dark (gelap) Clear (jelas) | Bitterness (kepahitan) Happiness (kebahagiaan) Darkness (kegelapan) Clearness (kejelasan) | ||
| | -y; -ty; -ity | | |
| Able (mampu) Cruel (kejam) Pure (murni) Active (giat) Sensitive (peka) Poor (miskin) | Ability (kemampuan) Cruelty (kekejaman) Purity (kemurnian) Activity (kegiatan) Sensitivy (kepekaan) Poverty (kemiskinan) | ||
| | -th | | |
| Broad (lebar) High (tinggi) Strong (kuat) True (benar) Deep (dalam) Wide (luas) Young (muda) Warm (hangat) | Broadth (kelebaran) Hight (ketinggian) Strength (kekuatan) Truth (kebenaran) Depth (kedalaman) Width (keluasan) Youth (pemuda) Warmth (kehangatan) | ||
| | Other form | | |
| Brave (berani) Free (bebas) Proud (bangga) Wise (bijak) | Bravery (keberanian) Freedom (kebebasan) Pride (kebanggaan) Wisdom (kebijakan) | ||
VERB-FORMING AFFIXES (IMBUHAN KATA KERJA)
| NOUN | VERB | |||
| | Suffix: -ze; -ize; -fy; -efy; -en | | ||
| | | |||
| | Prefix: en- | | ||
| Strength (kekuatan) Apology (pernyataan maaf) Beauty (keindahan) Liquid (cairan) Haste (kecepatan) Solid (padat) Force (kekuatan) Courage (kegairahan) | Strengthen (keberanian) Apologize (meminta maaf) Beauty (memperindah) Liquefy (mencairkan) Hasten (mempercepat) Solidify (memperkuat) Enforce (memperkuat) Encourage (menggairahkan) | |||
| ADJECTIVE | VERB | |||
| | | |||
| | -ize | | ||
| Civil (memasayarakat) Modern (modern) Equal (sama) Real (nyata) | Civilize (memasyarakatkan) Modernize (memoderenisasikan) Equalize (menyamakan) Realize (mewujudkan) | |||
| | -en | | ||
| Bright (terang) Broad (lebar) Dark (gelap) Fat (gemuk) Flat (datar) Hard (keras) Less (kurang) Weak (lemah) Light (bersinar) Quick (cepat) Red (merah) Sharp (tajam) Short (pendek) Soft (lunak) Wide (lebar) Sweet (manis) | Brighten (menerangi) Broaden (memperlebar) Darken (mempergelap) Fatten (mempergemuk) Flatten (memperdatar) Harden (memperkeras) Lessen (mengurangi) Weaken (memperlemah) Lighten (menyinari) Quicken (mempercepat) Redden (memerahi) Sharpen (memeprtajam) Shorten (memperpendek) Soften (memperlunak) Widen (memperlebar) Sweeten (mempermanis) | |||
ADJECTIVE-FORMING SUFFIXES (AKHIRAN KATA SIFAT)
| NOUN | ADJECTIVE | ||
| | | ||
| | -y; -ly | | |
| Anger (kemarahan) Mud (lumpur) Blood (darah) Day (hari) Earth (dunia) Heaven (surga) Love (asmara) Snow (salju) Cloud (awan) Grass (rumput) Stone (batu) Week (minggu) World (dunia) Year (tahun) | Angry (marah) Muddy (berlumpr) Bloody (berdarah) Daily (harian) Earthly (duniawi) Heavenly (surgawi) Lovely (elok) Snowy (bersalju) Cloudy (berawan) Grassy (berumput) Stony (berbatu) Weekly (mingguan) Worldly (duniawi) Yearly (tahunan) | ||
| | -ful | | |
| Care (perhatian) Truth (kebenaran) Use (penggunaan) Sorrow (kekecewaan) Help (pertolongan) | Careful (brhati-hati) Truthful (benar-banar) Useful (berguna) Sorrowful (kecewa) Helpful (menolong) | ||
| | -less | | |
| Age (usia) End (akhir) Law (hukum) Home (runah) Fault (kekurangan) Power (daya) | Ageless (abadi) Endless (tanpa akhir) Lawless (melangar hukum) Homeless (tanpa rumah) Faultless (sempurna) Powerless (tanpa daya) | ||
| | -our; -ious | | |
| Courage (kegairahan) Danger (bahaya) Envy (kecemburuan) Fame (ketenaran) Religion (agama) Variety (aneka rupa) | Courageous (bergairah) Dangerous (berbahaya) Envious (cemburu) Famous (tenar) Religious (agamawi) Various (rupa-rupa) | ||
| | -al | | |
| Accident (kecelakaan) Colony (jajahan) Part (bagian) | Accidental (serta merta) Colonial (terjajah) Partial (per bagian) | ||
| | -ish | | |
| Boy (laki-laki) Book (buku) Fool (si pander ) Child (anak) | Boyish (kelaki-lakian) Bookish (kutu buku) Foolish (dungu) Childish (kekanak-kanakan) | ||
| VERB | ADJECTIVE | |||
| | | |||
| | -ent; -ant | | ||
| Confidence (meyakini) Please (menyenagkan) Observe (meneliti) Differ (berbeda) | Confident (yakin) Pleasant (senang) Observant (teliti) Different (berbeda) | |||
| | Able | | ||
| Agree (menyetujui) Avoid (menghindar) Love (mencintai) | Agreeable (dapat disetujui) Avoidable (dapat dihindari) Lovable (layak dicintai) | |||
| | -ive | | ||
| Act (berbuat) Create (menciptakan) Destroy (merusakan) Explode (meledakkan) Select (memilih) Imagine (membayangkan) Extend (memperluas) | Active (giat) Creative (pandai mencipta) Destructive (dapat merusak) Explosive (mudah meledak) Selective (jeli memilih) Imaginative (khayal) Extensive (meluas) | |||
ADVERB-FORMING SEFFIXS (AKHIRAN KATA KETERANGAN)
| ADJECTIVE | ADVERB | ||
| | | ||
| | -y; -ly | | |
| Accidental (serta merta) Brave (berani) Free (bebas) Calm (tenang) Quick (cepat) Beautiful (indah) Slow (pelan) Patient (sabar) | Accidentally (secara kebetulan) Bravely (dengan berani) Freely (dengan bebas) Calmly (dengan tenang) Quickly (dengan cepat) Beautifully (dengan indah) Slowly (secara pelan) Patiently (dengan sabar) | ||
| NOUN | ADVERB | ||
| | | ||
| | -ward (s) | | |
| Back (belakang) Front (depan) Home (rumah) North (utara) | Backward / s (arah belakang) Frontward / s (arah depan) Homeward (arah rumah) Northward (arah utara) | ||
EXERCISES
I. Write the nouns deriving from the following verbs!
| 1. Carry 2. Marriage 3. Select 4. Suggest 5. Attract 6. Explain 7. Describe 8. Translate 9. Operate 10. Associate | 11. Agree 12. Improvement 13. Appoint 14. Arrive 15. Approve 16. Try 17. Propose 18. Refuse 19. Decide 20. Discuss | 21. Explode 22. Govern 23. Certain 24. Apply 25. Defend 26. Manage 27. Astonish 28. Debater |
II. Write the noun deriving from the following adjective!
| 1. Affiant 2. Frequent 3. Permanent 4. Urgent 5. Distant 6. Observant 7. Silent 8. Lonely 9. Useful 10. Polite | 11. Foolish 12. Deep 13. Long 14. Wide 15. Careless 16. Hopeful 17. Familiar 18. Dental 19. Grand 20. Simple |
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